Hollow fiber membranes have emerged/are gaining traction/present a novel as an essential component in numerous industrial processes. Their unique structure, characterized by a continuous fiber/tubular/walled configuration with a porous membrane layer, allows for/facilitates/enables efficient separat

Polyvinylidene fluoride filtration systems (PVDF) have emerged as a promising approach in wastewater treatment due to their benefits such as high permeate flux, chemical durability, and low fouling propensity. This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the functionality of PVDF membrane bio

This study investigates the effectiveness of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment. Multiple operational parameters, including membraneconfiguration, influx, and mixed liquor suspended solids concentration, were evaluated to determine their effect on the perfor